Lesson Proper:
A. Recall (1 minute)
Teacher may say: “Last time, we learned about sexual and asexual reproduction in a variety of organisms. Both plants and animals exhibit sexual and asexual type of reproduction. In sexual organisms, we learned that gametes are involved. Today, we are going to learn more how those gametes are produced.”
B. Motivation (2 minutes)
Write the headings “Male” and “Female’ on the chalkboard ask student to describe the physical changes that males and females experience during puberty. A boy and a girl in class may be asked to stand and let the class compare their physical differences.
C. Activity
Make a connection between the physical changes that males and females undergo during puberty and the production of testosterone and estrogen.
Refer to the charts for discussion on the male and female reproductive system.
Discuss female hormonal control and the development of uterine lining will initiate the topic on the menstrual cycle.
Describe the four stages of the menstrual cycle: follicular stage, ovulation, luteal phase and flow phase.
a. Ask students to specify the hormones responsible for the emergence of secondary sex characteristics.
b. Ask students to discuss why these characteristics might be termed “secondary”.
D. Postlaboratory Discussion
Answers to Developmental Questions:
Question 1. What signals an immature egg to ripen?
Question 2. When does ovulation occur?
Question 3. If the egg is not fertilized, when does it begin to break down?
Question 5. When does the uterine lining begin to break down?
Question 6. When is another egg triggered to ripen?
Question 7. Where does a sperm unite with an egg?
Question 8. If an egg is fertilized, what happens to it in the uterus?
Question 9. How long is an average menstrual cycle?
E. Generalization
1. The primary function of the human reproductive system is to produce offspring.
2. The system is activated by the sex hormones.
3. The production of the hormones by the female coordinates the development of the ovum and the preparation of the lining of the uterus to receive a fertilized egg.
4. If fertilization does not occur the female sheds off the unfertilized ovum. If it continues to the term, a new human being will be born, usually in nine months.
F. Valuing or Application
Which contributes more to the formation of an embryo - the sperm cell or the egg cell?
G. Assessment
A woman has been diagnosed for not being able to produce luteinizing hormone (LH). How would this affect her menstrual cycle?
Answer: Lack of LH will prevent ovulation and cause estrogen levels to remain high. No corpus luteum will develop and no progesterone will be produced. Thus, menstruation will not occur.
IV. Agreement
1. If a woman’s fallopian tubes are blocked how will this affect her body?
2 Differentiate in vitro fertilization from in vivo fertilization.
3. Summarize the processes of fertilization and implantation in humans.
Activity 4. The Menstrual Cycle
This activity will involve you on how menstruation in females occurs. You will describe the phases of menstruation. It is also important for boys to know the cycle so they will not remain ignorant about what happens in a woman’s body.
Objective
Identify the stages in the human menstrual cycle
Material
Coloring material
Procedure
1. Below are three diagrams outlining the human menstrual cycle. Each diagram shows the three different stages of the cycle.
a. In each diagram:
1) draw where the egg would be located at that stage of the cycle.
2) draw and color the lining of the uterus as it appears at each stage.
b. Label the following structures in the diagram uterus, vagina, egg, ovary and fallopian tube.
1. What signals an immature egg to ripen?
2. When does ovulation occur?
3. How long does the egg take to travel through the fallopian tube?
4. If the egg is not fertilized, when does it begin to break down?
5. When does the uterine lining begin to break down?
6. When is another egg triggered to ripen?
7. Where does a sperm unite with an egg?
8. If an egg is fertilized, what happens to it in the uterus?
9. How long is an average menstrual cycle?
Source: Foresman, et al. Biology. Activity Guide Payaw
A. Recall (1 minute)
Teacher may say: “Last time, we learned about sexual and asexual reproduction in a variety of organisms. Both plants and animals exhibit sexual and asexual type of reproduction. In sexual organisms, we learned that gametes are involved. Today, we are going to learn more how those gametes are produced.”
B. Motivation (2 minutes)
Write the headings “Male” and “Female’ on the chalkboard ask student to describe the physical changes that males and females experience during puberty. A boy and a girl in class may be asked to stand and let the class compare their physical differences.
C. Activity
Make a connection between the physical changes that males and females undergo during puberty and the production of testosterone and estrogen.
Refer to the charts for discussion on the male and female reproductive system.
Discuss female hormonal control and the development of uterine lining will initiate the topic on the menstrual cycle.
Describe the four stages of the menstrual cycle: follicular stage, ovulation, luteal phase and flow phase.
a. Ask students to specify the hormones responsible for the emergence of secondary sex characteristics.
b. Ask students to discuss why these characteristics might be termed “secondary”.
D. Postlaboratory Discussion
Answers to Developmental Questions:
Question 1. What signals an immature egg to ripen?
Question 2. When does ovulation occur?
Question 3. If the egg is not fertilized, when does it begin to break down?
Question 5. When does the uterine lining begin to break down?
Question 6. When is another egg triggered to ripen?
Question 7. Where does a sperm unite with an egg?
Question 8. If an egg is fertilized, what happens to it in the uterus?
Question 9. How long is an average menstrual cycle?
E. Generalization
1. The primary function of the human reproductive system is to produce offspring.
2. The system is activated by the sex hormones.
3. The production of the hormones by the female coordinates the development of the ovum and the preparation of the lining of the uterus to receive a fertilized egg.
4. If fertilization does not occur the female sheds off the unfertilized ovum. If it continues to the term, a new human being will be born, usually in nine months.
F. Valuing or Application
Which contributes more to the formation of an embryo - the sperm cell or the egg cell?
G. Assessment
A woman has been diagnosed for not being able to produce luteinizing hormone (LH). How would this affect her menstrual cycle?
Answer: Lack of LH will prevent ovulation and cause estrogen levels to remain high. No corpus luteum will develop and no progesterone will be produced. Thus, menstruation will not occur.
IV. Agreement
1. If a woman’s fallopian tubes are blocked how will this affect her body?
2 Differentiate in vitro fertilization from in vivo fertilization.
3. Summarize the processes of fertilization and implantation in humans.
Activity 4. The Menstrual Cycle
This activity will involve you on how menstruation in females occurs. You will describe the phases of menstruation. It is also important for boys to know the cycle so they will not remain ignorant about what happens in a woman’s body.
Objective
Identify the stages in the human menstrual cycle
Material
Coloring material
Procedure
1. Below are three diagrams outlining the human menstrual cycle. Each diagram shows the three different stages of the cycle.
a. In each diagram:
1) draw where the egg would be located at that stage of the cycle.
2) draw and color the lining of the uterus as it appears at each stage.
b. Label the following structures in the diagram uterus, vagina, egg, ovary and fallopian tube.
1. What signals an immature egg to ripen?
2. When does ovulation occur?
3. How long does the egg take to travel through the fallopian tube?
4. If the egg is not fertilized, when does it begin to break down?
5. When does the uterine lining begin to break down?
6. When is another egg triggered to ripen?
7. Where does a sperm unite with an egg?
8. If an egg is fertilized, what happens to it in the uterus?
9. How long is an average menstrual cycle?
Source: Foresman, et al. Biology. Activity Guide Payaw
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